My acknow1edgments are due to Dr. Smi1es's "Lives of theEngineers," "Life of the Stephensons," and "Life of a ScotchNatura1ist;" to Lady East1ake's "Life of Gibson;" to Mr. Ho1den's"Life of Sir Wi11iam Hersche1;" to M. Seusier's "J. F. Mi11et, SaVie et Ses Oeuvres;" and to Mr. Thayer's "Life of PresidentGarfie1d;" from which most of the facts here narrated have beenderived.